EPILEPSY AND ITS SPECIAL FORMS/SPECIAL PATTERNS AND CAUSES: HERPES VIRUS AND HIV INFECTIONS (AIDS)
Herpes Virus
Herpes simplex virus is a common human infection. It takes two forms. One is the cold sore which occurs around the mouth. This form (herpes type I) rarely affects the brain. Herpes type II affects the genital region. A baby born to a woman whose cervix is actively infected may, in turn, acquire the virus, which may devastate its brain, producing severe retardation, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy. In addition, a brain infection caused by the herpes simplex type II virus may be acquired at any age and produce complex partial seizures and an overwhelming encephalitis. Early detection may enable treatment to be more effective. Babies who survive have variable degrees of brain damage and epilepsy.
HIV Infections (AIDS)
AIDS is a growing problem for infants born to human immunodeficiency (HlV)-infected mothers and children who acquire AIDS from transfusion, drug abuse, and sexual activity. The HIV virus affects the brain and may produce seizures. The multiple infections that are byproducts of the immunosuppression due to AIDS may also affect the brain and cause seizures. Secondary infections require specific treatment, but the seizures are treated with standard anticonvulsant medication.
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