Posted by admin on April 28, 2009
Signs and symptoms
The diagnosis of poisoning depends primarily upon knowing what the child has eaten or drunk. Otherwise, the diagnosis relies on suspicion, a careful physical examination for telltale clues, and laboratory tests. Usually, the telltale signs of aspirin overdose are rapid breathing, ringing in the ears, nausea, over-excitement, and unconsciousness. Poisoning from acids and alkalis causes burns on the lips, mouth, and tongue. An overdose of an iron tonic produces abdominal pain and severe vomiting, often with blood in the vomited material, followed by collapse.
Home care
Two steps are vital. First, try to determine quickly what the substance is that your child has taken, how much of the substance your child has taken, and when the incident happened. Second, call your doctor or local poison control center for instructions. Read the label of the drug or other preparation over the phone. You will be told whether or not to induce vomiting.
If your child has not vomited, if the poison was neither a strong acid nor an alkali, and if your child is conscious, induce vomiting by giving two to three teaspoonful of syrup of ipecac followed by a half to a full glass of water. Do not give milk. If the child does not vomit within 20 to 30 minutes, repeat the syrup of ipecac liquid dose. It is not safe to induce vomiting after the child has swallowed volatile hydrocarbons (petrol, turpentine, and so on).
In general, if your child has taken a normally edible substance (medications, for example), induce vomiting. If your child has taken a substance that is not normally edible (petrol or furniture polish, for instance), do not induce vomiting. If your child is not fully conscious, do not induce vomiting.
Precautions
• The most important precaution is prevention: see that all poisonous substances are stored out of reach of children – under lock and key if necessary.
• Keep the telephone numbers of police and fire departments, your doctor, and the local poison control center near the telephone.
• Always have syrup of ipecac in the house.
• Do not transfer any poisonous substance to an ordinary glass or bottle and do not keep any medication in an unlabeled container.
• Insist upon childproof tops on all medicines, not just those intended for children.
• Make sure that the bottles containing turpentine and kerosene have safety tops.
• Be careful with iron tablets. They taste sweet, look like candy, and can be deadly.
• When visiting other people’s homes, do not let your children explore until you are sure there are no poisons within reach.
• When guests visit you, be certain their medications are out of reach of any children.
Medical treatment
Your doctor may induce vomiting with syrup of ipecac or wash out the stomach by means of a tube. Further treatment varies with the substance taken and your child’s condition.
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Posted under General health